History of Fairy Tales within Victorian Society Essay

At the beginning of the nineteenth century, Puritans viewed fairy tales as inappropriate literature because they believed fairy tales to be a form of witchcraft. The attitude toward fairy tales soon changed when the Brothers Grimm published their two-volume collection called Kinderund Hausmarchen or German Popular Stories. Overnight, fairy tales became an acceptable form of literature. This sudden popularity raises some related questions: What are the reasons behind the increased popularity of fairy tales? What function did fairy tales play in Victorian society? Is there a connection between fairy tales and the Victorian social issues? This paper will examine the discourse of fairy tales through a historical lens to reveal how the†¦show more content†¦Puritans were distrustful of fairy tales because they â€Å"corrupt English citizens with their unrealistic† (Evans and Onorato 1) views of life although the tales promoted Christianity and Christian values of the church . Toward the end of the nineteenth century, fairy tales re-emerge from the underground in England due to the Romantics Movement who began to revalue imagination and fantasy. Different from the scientific and rational thought of the Enlightenment, the Romantic Movement emphasized emotion, passion, love, and fear, an environment in which fairy tales would thrive. The Romantic Movement questions the social constraints of the Puritan society that served as the catalyst for the rise of the fairy tale genre in England. Fairy tales and their symbolism provided the Romantics the opportunity and freedom to challenge the perceptions of the practical and traditional religion. As the industrial revolution progressed, Victorians became aware of the power that fairy tales have as the voice of the people, questioning the established rules, government, and industry believed to improve their lives. Not until the publication of the German Popular Stories which challenged the anti-fairy tale movement did fairy tales become an acceptable literary form. Victorian citizens realized that the stringent rules, training, and literature used to fashion healthy adults were â€Å"dulling their senses andShow MoreRelatedThe Lady Of Shalott Essay1059 Words   |  5 Pagessocial change. Nevertheless it wasn’t until the 1800s that widespread awareness began to st ir for women’s rights. So it was little wonder that the rapidly growing controversy embedded itself into much of the Victorian literature. Writer Lord Alfred Tennyson used a romanticized time in history to highlight a political issue of his era. Chivalry and knights are commonly associated with this time by modern readers, creating the ideal contrast for Tennyson’s literary work. Taking place in the medievalRead MoreSocial Control through Works of Fiction1390 Words   |  6 Pages Vampire stories have universal themes that provide the backbone for every dark tale. The unholy essence that any vampire story provides sets the stage for the message that the Church is the way of life and will save you from creatures of evil. From in class readings, we can see all the major religious themes of the classic vampire story. The common religious theme is the abscess of light is the absence of holiness and is the path to eternal damnation. Darkness is the prime universal fear of humanityRead MoreDifferent Times, Different Ideals1267 Words   |  6 Pagesin our history that women were not valued for anything other than their sexual function, and they were expected to quietly tumble into the social image men created for them. Racism also was commonplace and widely accepted, and violence was a casual occurrence of life then. This time period is known as the Victorian Era. A very widely known children’s book today was actually written during this time period by J.M. Barrie – Peter Pan. This novel created for children contains the Victorian Era’s sociallyRead MoreTime Burton ´s Gothic Fantasy: Representing the Victorian Culture through Animation and Parody2590 Words   |  11 Pages4.1 Tim Burton’s Gothic Fantasy: Representing the Victorian Culture through Animation and Parody Film adaptations based on particular works such as Dickens’s Great Expectations are not the only means through which we get a glimpse of Victorian culture and society. Animated films such as Tim Burton’s Corpse Bride (2005) represent the Victorian era through humor and exaggeration and reveal Burton’s awareness of 19th century English society. In his study Gothic Fantasy: The Films of Tim Burton, EdwinRead MoreChildrens Literature13219 Words   |  53 Pages1. Introduction 3 2. Early History 6 The Greek and Roman Eras: 50 B.C.-A.D. 500 6 The Middle Ages: 500-1500 6 The Renaissance: 1500-1650 7 The Rise of Puritanism and John Locke: Late 1600s 8 3. Beginning of Children’s Literature: Late 1700s 10 4. Fairy and Folk Tales 12 The Golden Age of Children’s Literature: Late 1800s 12 5. Victorian Childrens Literature 16 6. Contemporary Childrens Literature 18 6. Analysis of Harry Potters’ series 21 7. Conclusion 30 8. Summary 31 Children’s Literature DefinitionsRead MorePost-Modern Victorian: A. S. Byatts Possession1439 Words   |  6 PagesPost-Modern Victorian: A. S. Byatts Possession If I had read A. S. Byatts novel Possession without having had British Literature, a lot of the novels meaning, analogies, and literary mystery would have been lost to me. The entire book seems one big reference back to something weve learned or read this May term. The first few lines of chapter one are poetry attributed to Randolph Henry Ash, which Byatt wrote herself. Already in those few lines I hear echoes of class, lines written inRead MoreCharles Dickens Great Expectations2277 Words   |  10 PagesAlthough Charles Dickens’ classic novel Great Expectations was published in 1861, modern-day playwrights, authors, and directors go to great lengths to preserve its timelessness. Many of these writers feel that the best way to keep the novel relevant to society is to alter the original novel to make it culturally relevant or acceptable. The idea of cultural studies in regards to literature and literary criticism began in the 1950s and â€Å"involves viewing and analyzin g practically any recorded phenomenon, presentRead MoreFreedom : A Fable Of The Gallery s At The Walker Art Center988 Words   |  4 Pagesa bound book, offset lithograph on woven paper, illustrated with pop-up laser-cut paper renditions of Ms. Walker’s famous silhouettes. At first glance, it appears to be a vintage children’s book, but in retrospect Freedom: A Fable is far from a fairy tale or happily ever after. The subject matter exhibited in this representational work of art is four people that are gathered around rigid rocks. The two figures on the left are black, young-adult women, and a younger black boy on the right is lookingRead MoreEssay Charlotte Brontes Jane Eyre as a Cinderella Story2469 Words   |  10 Pagesof Cinderella. There are several versions of this popular fairy--tale. At the time Bronte’s novel was published, the Grimms’ book of tales, which included Cinderella, was very popular. According to Sally Mitchell, The serious interest in folklore was spurred by the translation, in 1823, of the stories collected by Jacob and Wilhelm Grimm. A version of Cinderella was also written by Charles Perrault. Both Perrault’s and the Grimms’ tales have a place in Bronte’s narrative. There is no specific evidenceRead MoreManga and Anime947 Words   |  4 Pages American comic books began around the early 1930’s. They were mainly comprised of a collection of comic strips. It’s been established that manga has a history that dates back to the twelfth century. American animation and anime are more recent in both histories. They both began in the early 1900’s. The difference in Japanese culture within manga and anime needs to be better appreciated. The American ideal of happy ever after is much different than Japan’s daily life ideals. American creators

The Breedloves in Toni Morrisons The Bluest Eye Essay

In the third chapter of The Bluest Eye, entitled Autumn, Toni Morrison focuses on Pecolas family, the Breedloves. Morrison goes in depth about the family dynamic of the Breedloves and how it affects Pecola and her self-image. The passage starts after one of many arguments between Cholly and Mrs. Breedlove, Pecolas parents, turns violent. Mrs. Breedlove wants Cholly to fetch some coal from the outside shed. Cholly spent the last night drinking and does not want to get out of bed. The passage begins with the children becoming aware of the argument. Mrs. Breedlove starts to hit him with cooking pans while Cholly mostly used his feet and teeth. After the fight is over Mrs. Breedlove just lets Cholly lie on the ground and she goes about her†¦show more content†¦While she knows what happens to her body as a result of these arguments, she still cannot take care of herself. This inability to deal with the physical results of her parents arguments comes from her mental instability th at stems from these fights. Pecola then starts to disintegrate into her fantasy world in an attempt to make herself feel better. In asking please God... please make me disappear, she wants to leave this ugly place that is her home and her family (45). Morrison then leads the reader through the process of Pecolas different body parts disappearing, from her fingers... one by one; then her arms disappeared all the way to the elbow... the legs all at once... her stomach... then her chest, her neck (45). This succession of slowly, now with a rush... [and] slowly again fading body parts illustrates how much effort Pecola is putting into disappearing and how much this effort puts a toll on her body (45). In making herself feel better she is also tiring herself out, for the exertion she puts out does not make her happy and does not fulfill what she wants in the end: to fully disappear. This merge into fantasy does not fulfill Pecolas need for happiness because the things she cannot make disappear are the most important body parts to get rid of: her eyes. For even though she did everything she could and put all her effort into disappearing, she could never get herShow MoreRelatedBeauty in The Bluest Eye by Toni Morrison Essay613 Words   |  3 PagesBeauty in The Bluest Eye by Toni Morrison Some people will argue with you that there is always an ugly duckling somewhere in a family. I see it different, I see these people as unique. In Toni Morrisons book, The Bluest Eye there is the issue of being beautiful and ugly. In this essay I will discuss how Toni Morrison book The Bluest Eye initiates that during 1941 white was beautiful and black was ugly in the surrounding of two families. The issue of beauty versus ugliness is portrayingRead MoreThe Effects of Bad Parenting in As I Lay Dying by William Faulkner 1109 Words   |  5 Pagesparent is the person that they look up to and in most cases look for encouragement. However, some parents tend to value destruction and their own self-gain more than the life of their child. Both William Faulkner’s â€Å"As I Lay Dying† and Toni Morrison’s â€Å"The Bluest Eye† demonstrating a principle that when parents are bound to their twisted, manipulative, and even immoral values that their children will ultimately be the ones to pay the price as they either embrace the similar hollow values themselvesRead MoreRacism And Discrimination On African Americans1210 Words   |  5 Pagesfrequent use of symbolism.2 In The Bluest Eye, an extremely important symbol is blue eyes (Crayton 73). Blue eyes are used to symbolize racially based beauty standards and the power associated with whiteness (â€Å"Bluest † LitCharts). In the novel, society believes that if a person does not have white skin, he or she is not beautiful. Pecola Breedlove falls victim to this widespread belief and longs to possess blue eyes. In her world, blue eyes are far more than a simple eye color. They are beauty. They areRead More Essay on Themes of House on Mango Street, and The Bluest Eye1602 Words   |  7 PagesDisturbing Themes of House on Mango Street, and The Bluest Eye  Ã‚   Sandra Cisneros was born in Chicago and grew up in Illinois, the only girl in a family of seven. Cisneros is noted for her collection of poems and books that concentrate on the Chicana experience in the United States. In her writing, Cisneros explores and transcends borders of location, ethnicity, gender and language. Cisneros writes in lyrical yet deceptively simple language, she makes the invisible visible by centering on theRead MoreSelf-Hatred and the Aesthetics of Beauty in The Bluest Eye by Toni Morrison1287 Words   |  6 Pagesthe Aesthetics of Beauty in The Bluest Eye by Toni Morrison Topic: Discuss the issues of self-hatred and the aesthetics of beauty in The Bluest Eye by Toni Morrison. What role do they play in the novel and how do they relate to its theme? Self-hatred leads to self-destruction†¦ Self-hatred is something that can thoroughly destroy an individual. As it was fictitiously evidenced in Toni Morrison’s The Bluest Eye, it can lead an individual to insanity. Toni Morrison raises the idea thatRead MoreThe Bluest Eye By Toni Morrison Essay1314 Words   |  6 PagesThe Bluest Eye, by Toni Morrison, encompasses the themes of youth, gender, and race. The African American Civil Rights Movement had recently ended at the time the novel was written. In the book, Morrison utilizes a first-person story to convey her views on racial inequality. The protagonist and her friends find themselves in moments where they are filled with embarrassment and have a wish to flee such events. Since they are female African Americans, they are humiliated in society. One of Morrison’sRead MoreEssay on Narrative Voice in Toni Morrisons The Bluest Eye1122 Words   |  5 Pages  The narration of Toni Morrisons The Bluest Eye is actually a compilation of many different voices. The novel shifts between Claudia MacTeers first person narrative and an omniscient narrator. At the end of the novel, the omniscient voice and Claudias narrative merge, and the reader realizes this is an older Claudia looking back on her childhood (Peach 25). Morrison uses multiple narrators in order to gain greater validity for her story. According to Philip Page, even though the voices are dividedRead MoreThe Search for Beauty in The Bluest Eye by Toni Morrison Essay1218 Words   |  5 Pageswishing that they could be beautiful so they would be accepted at school, as well as loved and acknowledged more. Pecola Breedlove in Toni Morrisons The Bluest Eye is no different than any other little girl. She too wants to be beautiful. America has set the standards that to be beautiful one must have quot; blue eyes, blonde hair, and white skinquot; according to Wilfred D. Samuels Toni Morrison (10). This perception of beauty leads Pecola to insanity because just as society cannot accept a little uglyRead MoreRacial Discrimination In Toni Morrisons The Bluest Eye793 Words   |  4 PagesMuhammad Ali once said, â€Å"Hating people because of their color is wrong. And it doesn’t matter which color does the hating. It’s just plain wrong.† Toni Morrison’s The Bluest Eye is set in 1941, close to the end of the Great Depression. During the 1940s, disputes and riots over race were frequent (â€Å"Race Riots†). Moreover, there was segregation in housing, employment, and education throughout the United States.  There was a small chance for improvement in racial relationships until World War II beganRead More The Bluest Eye - Pecola as a Victim of Evil Essay2026 Words   |  9 PagesThe Bluest Eye - Pecola as a Victim of Evil      Ã‚   By constructing the chain of events that answer the question of how Pecola Breedlove is caste as a pariah in her community, Toni Morrison in The Bluest Eye attempts to satisfy the more difficult question of why. Although, unspoken, this question obsessively hovers over Pecola throughout the novel and in her circular narrative style Morrison weaves a story that seeks to answer this question by gathering all of the forces that were instrumental in

Strategy and Analysis Free Essays

As the case explains, economic changes are a big concern for Danaher’s success. The following topics will be analyzed in addressing those concerns: Business-Level Strategy, Corporate-Level Strategy, External Analysis, Internal Analysis, Recommendations. Business Level Strategy Danaher uses mainly a Cost Leader Strategy with a few qualities of Product Differentiation. We will write a custom essay sample on Strategy and Analysis or any similar topic only for you Order Now Details of this can be found by looking at their DBS system. The system is designed to increase productivity and reduce costs. This gives them a learning curve and technological advantage. We will further discuss each of these advantages. The Learning Curve advantage is very valuable to the Danaher Corporation. The DBS was created based on the study of Toyota’s lean manufacturing process. The DBS system has been in use since 1988, but has been added to along the way. They have created and modified this system for not only continuous improvement, but also a system for implementing changes and operation of their corporation. This is what gives it its rarity and makes it costly to imitate. The learning curve is a form a temporary competitive advantage, because it can at some point be imitated. Even with the right technological system in play, what makes Danaher stand out is their technological advantage, especially their software. Their management teams are put through trainings, what they refer to as â€Å"boot camps†. These training courses for their employees, along with the tools that allow each level of the corporation to make improvements, create great relationships between labor and management. This empowers the employees with the know-how to get things done more efficiently. This adds tremendous value, and is rare and not seen in many corporations. This type of dedication to training is very costly to imitate. This has allowed them a sustained competitive advantage through the years. Corporate-Level Strategy Danaher Corporation uses the Merger and Acquisitions and a Diversification corporate level strategies. They have been identified as using a conglomerate merger strategy. Since their creation they have been acquiring other firms to further expand their business. They were not so much interested in vertical integrations, but in seemingly unrelated diversification. Their strategy for this has been to identify companies with growth rates between five and seven percent, along with other criteria. By imiting the growth size they were able to acquire large enough companies to be worth their time, but small enough companies to allow for great improvements and implementation of their DBS process. This strategy allowed them to reach economies of scale in their new company partly by their shared activities. This is what gave their strategy real value. They wanted room to improve the companies. Th ey did not attempt to take over the biggest companies, like many corporations have done. They typically aimed for companies in a segmented market, allowing them to consolidate the market. This gave this strategy the rarity for a competitive advantage. Their strategy has become costly to imitate because of their history and success with implementing their DBS in their corporate strategies. External Analysis One of the main threats to Danaher Corporation is the Threat of Rivalry. The private equity firms have been adopting the conglomerate merger strategy quite rapidly. The appeal of this strategy has opened the doors for the private equity firms and increased the threats of new entrants and rivalry. This increase in threats has made it very difficult for corporations to compete and survive with this type of strategy, because of the aggressiveness of the private equity firms. Danaher Corporation has to recognize this threat and make the appropriate changes. Even though these threats can be harmful to a corporation, it can also become an opportunity for them as well. Danaher is faced with the options of increasing the number of acquisitions, making larger acquisitions, or simply selling out to the private equity firms. These options also give Danaher the chance to adjust their strategy and to focus on the competitive advantages they have gained over their competitors. Most of their competitors do not have the organization and systems in place to maximize their profits. Internal Analysis One of Danaher’s biggest strengths is their DBS. The DBS has been the core of their operating model and acquisition strategy. This system has been with the company for over 20 years and has been perfected along the way. This has given them a sustained competitive advantage with both business-Level and Corporate-Level strategies. As explained above, this system is rare and costly to imitate. Not only that, but they have the organizational structure to use this strength to their advantage. Continuous improvement has been a strength, but seems to be losing the competitive advantage as the limitations to improvements are achieved. Recommendations * Shift to a more product differentiation strategy by focusing on Danaher’s reputation and linkages between firms. This shift will separate Danaher as the leader in the declining industry. * Decrease the threats of rivalry and new entrants into the market by divesting their underperformed companies. The increase in cash flow will allow for more growth through rapid acquisitions. * Focus on reducing operating costs by expanding the shared activities between companies within the corporation. How to cite Strategy and Analysis, Essay examples

The Hurricane free essay sample

The film The Hurricane directed by Norman Jewison claims to accurately depict the life of injustice suffered by middleweight champion Rubin ‘Hurricane’ Carter. The director uses casting, characterisation, lighting and music in order to convince the audience of Carter’s innocence. Jewison uses evidence, in some cases false, to manipulate the audience into believing that the Hurricane is and always has been an innocent man. This clever manipulation is clearly evident in his casting and characterization choices of Lezra to emotionally vest audiences into his journey alongside Rubin Carter’s. This technique is also used to create and perfect the other cast members to guide viewer’s thoughts and opinions as the director wishes. Furthermore, the lighting and music are blatantly manoeuvred to garner an emotional reaction from audiences, this is apparent in the poignant scenes of Carter as the victim of tragic injustice. Without Jewison’s clear bias filmmaking, the audiences would have been left with a different view of Carter. We will write a custom essay sample on The Hurricane or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Casting and characterization in the film The Hurricane are utilized to persuade viewers of The Hurricane’s innocence. The casting of the characters Rubin Carter, Lezra Martin, Lisa Peters, Sam Chaiton, Terry Swinton and Lt. Jimmy Williams was necessary to create the image of goodness, as we associate attractive people with being good and kind hearted. Athletically appealing actors have been cast in all these roles in order for us to automatically assume them to be good. However, Det. Sgt. Della Pesca and the Prison Warden (the major villains) are cast as old, overweight, balding men to assure us of their wickedness. By casting Rubin Carter as an attractive man the director persuades us into believing in Carter’s innocence. Furthermore, the character of Lezra Martin is carefully created to work as an audience stand in for the film. This technique is used so Lezra works as our stand in to Carter’s life. Lezra, like the viewer is new to Carter’s life and his story, while he learns about Carter, so do the audience, as he grows to love and trust Carter, so do the audience. Like Lezra the viewers become attached and emotionally vested in The Hurricane, so the questioning of his innocence becomes ludicrous to the viewers. The film technique of manipulating the viewer’s perspective is also found in the use of lighting. The use of lighting in the film The Hurricane positions the viewer into trusting that Hurricane Carter is an innocent man. Jewison’s use of lighting to persuade the viewer is evident in an early scene depicting Carter and Della Pesca facing towards each other, the only light in the frame is on the operating table behind them, so the audience can only see the side on silhouettes of both Rubin Carter and Det. Sgt. Della Pesca but no detail in their faces. In this scene, we see the stark contrast of their profiles, The Hurricane’s soft features and Della Pesca’s pointed and upturned features. This technique which has been used since the times of ancient Greek theatre is used to depict the proganist , usually the hero, with soft flowing features and the antagonist, usually the villain, with sharp, pointed features. By doing this, Norman Jewison has automatically positioned the audience to see Rubin Carter as a good and innocent man. This sort of positioning is also particularly evident in Jewison’s use of music in the film. Norman Jewison emotionally influences the viewer into believing that Carter is innocent through his meticulous use of music in The Hurricane. The audience slowly finds themselves emotionally attached to the story through subtle but effective music. At various points in the film a grave, slow, low, jazz melody plays which always coincides with a scene where the viewers are positioned to believe injustice is shown. When Della Pesca interrogates a young Rubin Carter, when Rubin is brought into the hospital of the victim, during The Hurricane’s first trail as well as when Carter is put into solitary confinement by the ruthless prison warden. The audience is persuaded into associating this music with injustice, so with the use of this music at the right point, such as when The Hurricane is imprisoned the viewers automatically believe it is injustice, which causes us to feel emotionally effected by this and believe in his innocence. Norman Jewison positions viewers of the film The Hurricane to see Rubin Carter as an innocent man. This is done through casting the protagonist’s role to an aesthetically pleasing man, the casting of the antagonist’s role to an older, unattractive man, the characterisation of Lezra Martin, the precise lighting of scenes and the meticulous use of emotion triggering music. Without these manipulative film techniques, viewers would have been left with a different image of Rubin Carter and a greater doubt of his innocence.